initial commit

1 files changed, 2499 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/vendor/modernc.org/sqlite/sqlite.go b/vendor/modernc.org/sqlite/sqlite.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdb73dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vendor/modernc.org/sqlite/sqlite.go
@@ -0,0 +1,2499 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The Sqlite Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+//go:generate go run generator.go -full-path-comments
+
+package sqlite // import "modernc.org/sqlite"
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"math/bits"
+	"net/url"
+	"reflect"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"modernc.org/libc"
+	"modernc.org/libc/sys/types"
+	sqlite3 "modernc.org/sqlite/lib"
+)
+
+var (
+	_ driver.Conn   = (*conn)(nil)
+	_ driver.Driver = (*Driver)(nil)
+	//lint:ignore SA1019 TODO implement ExecerContext
+	_ driver.Execer = (*conn)(nil)
+	//lint:ignore SA1019 TODO implement QueryerContext
+	_ driver.Queryer                        = (*conn)(nil)
+	_ driver.Result                         = (*result)(nil)
+	_ driver.Rows                           = (*rows)(nil)
+	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName = (*rows)(nil)
+	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeLength           = (*rows)(nil)
+	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeNullable         = (*rows)(nil)
+	_ driver.RowsColumnTypePrecisionScale   = (*rows)(nil)
+	_ driver.RowsColumnTypeScanType         = (*rows)(nil)
+	_ driver.Stmt                           = (*stmt)(nil)
+	_ driver.Tx                             = (*tx)(nil)
+	_ error                                 = (*Error)(nil)
+)
+
+const (
+	driverName              = "sqlite"
+	ptrSize                 = unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0))
+	sqliteLockedSharedcache = sqlite3.SQLITE_LOCKED | (1 << 8)
+)
+
+// Error represents sqlite library error code.
+type Error struct {
+	msg  string
+	code int
+}
+
+// Error implements error.
+func (e *Error) Error() string { return e.msg }
+
+// Code returns the sqlite result code for this error.
+func (e *Error) Code() int { return e.code }
+
+var (
+	// ErrorCodeString maps Error.Code() to its string representation.
+	ErrorCodeString = map[int]string{
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_ABORT:             "Callback routine requested an abort (SQLITE_ABORT)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_AUTH:              "Authorization denied (SQLITE_AUTH)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_BUSY:              "The database file is locked (SQLITE_BUSY)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_CANTOPEN:          "Unable to open the database file (SQLITE_CANTOPEN)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_CONSTRAINT:        "Abort due to constraint violation (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_CORRUPT:           "The database disk image is malformed (SQLITE_CORRUPT)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_DONE:              "sqlite3_step() has finished executing (SQLITE_DONE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_EMPTY:             "Internal use only (SQLITE_EMPTY)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_ERROR:             "Generic error (SQLITE_ERROR)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_FORMAT:            "Not used (SQLITE_FORMAT)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_FULL:              "Insertion failed because database is full (SQLITE_FULL)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_INTERNAL:          "Internal logic error in SQLite (SQLITE_INTERNAL)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_INTERRUPT:         "Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()(SQLITE_INTERRUPT)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (1 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_READ)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (10 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (11 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (12 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (13 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (14 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (15 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (16 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (17 << 8): "(SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (2 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (3 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (4 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (5 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (6 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (7 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (8 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR | (9 << 8):  "(SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_IOERR:             "Some kind of disk I/O error occurred (SQLITE_IOERR)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_LOCKED | (1 << 8): "(SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_LOCKED:            "A table in the database is locked (SQLITE_LOCKED)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_MISMATCH:          "Data type mismatch (SQLITE_MISMATCH)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_MISUSE:            "Library used incorrectly (SQLITE_MISUSE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_NOLFS:             "Uses OS features not supported on host (SQLITE_NOLFS)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_NOMEM:             "A malloc() failed (SQLITE_NOMEM)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_NOTADB:            "File opened that is not a database file (SQLITE_NOTADB)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_NOTFOUND:          "Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() (SQLITE_NOTFOUND)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_NOTICE:            "Notifications from sqlite3_log() (SQLITE_NOTICE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_PERM:              "Access permission denied (SQLITE_PERM)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_PROTOCOL:          "Database lock protocol error (SQLITE_PROTOCOL)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_RANGE:             "2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range (SQLITE_RANGE)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_READONLY:          "Attempt to write a readonly database (SQLITE_READONLY)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_ROW:               "sqlite3_step() has another row ready (SQLITE_ROW)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_SCHEMA:            "The database schema changed (SQLITE_SCHEMA)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_TOOBIG:            "String or BLOB exceeds size limit (SQLITE_TOOBIG)",
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_WARNING:           "Warnings from sqlite3_log() (SQLITE_WARNING)",
+	}
+)
+
+func init() {
+	sql.Register(driverName, newDriver())
+}
+
+type result struct {
+	lastInsertID int64
+	rowsAffected int
+}
+
+func newResult(c *conn) (_ *result, err error) {
+	r := &result{}
+	if r.rowsAffected, err = c.changes(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if r.lastInsertID, err = c.lastInsertRowID(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+// LastInsertId returns the database's auto-generated ID after, for example, an
+// INSERT into a table with primary key.
+func (r *result) LastInsertId() (int64, error) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	return r.lastInsertID, nil
+}
+
+// RowsAffected returns the number of rows affected by the query.
+func (r *result) RowsAffected() (int64, error) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	return int64(r.rowsAffected), nil
+}
+
+type rows struct {
+	allocs  []uintptr
+	c       *conn
+	columns []string
+	pstmt   uintptr
+
+	doStep bool
+	empty  bool
+}
+
+func newRows(c *conn, pstmt uintptr, allocs []uintptr, empty bool) (r *rows, err error) {
+	r = &rows{c: c, pstmt: pstmt, allocs: allocs, empty: empty}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			r.Close()
+			r = nil
+		}
+	}()
+
+	n, err := c.columnCount(pstmt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	r.columns = make([]string, n)
+	for i := range r.columns {
+		if r.columns[i], err = r.c.columnName(pstmt, i); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+// Close closes the rows iterator.
+func (r *rows) Close() (err error) {
+	for _, v := range r.allocs {
+		r.c.free(v)
+	}
+	r.allocs = nil
+	return r.c.finalize(r.pstmt)
+}
+
+// Columns returns the names of the columns. The number of columns of the
+// result is inferred from the length of the slice. If a particular column name
+// isn't known, an empty string should be returned for that entry.
+func (r *rows) Columns() (c []string) {
+	return r.columns
+}
+
+// Next is called to populate the next row of data into the provided slice. The
+// provided slice will be the same size as the Columns() are wide.
+//
+// Next should return io.EOF when there are no more rows.
+func (r *rows) Next(dest []driver.Value) (err error) {
+	if r.empty {
+		return io.EOF
+	}
+
+	rc := sqlite3.SQLITE_ROW
+	if r.doStep {
+		if rc, err = r.c.step(r.pstmt); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	r.doStep = true
+	switch rc {
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_ROW:
+		if g, e := len(dest), len(r.columns); g != e {
+			return fmt.Errorf("sqlite: Next: have %v destination values, expected %v", g, e)
+		}
+
+		for i := range dest {
+			ct, err := r.c.columnType(r.pstmt, i)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			switch ct {
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_INTEGER:
+				v, err := r.c.columnInt64(r.pstmt, i)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				dest[i] = v
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_FLOAT:
+				v, err := r.c.columnDouble(r.pstmt, i)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				dest[i] = v
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_TEXT:
+				v, err := r.c.columnText(r.pstmt, i)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				switch r.ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(i) {
+				case "DATE", "DATETIME", "TIMESTAMP":
+					dest[i], _ = r.c.parseTime(v)
+				default:
+					dest[i] = v
+				}
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_BLOB:
+				v, err := r.c.columnBlob(r.pstmt, i)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				dest[i] = v
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_NULL:
+				dest[i] = nil
+			default:
+				return fmt.Errorf("internal error: rc %d", rc)
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_DONE:
+		return io.EOF
+	default:
+		return r.c.errstr(int32(rc))
+	}
+}
+
+// Inspired by mattn/go-sqlite3: https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/blob/ab91e934/sqlite3.go#L210-L226
+//
+// These time.Parse formats handle formats 1 through 7 listed at https://www.sqlite.org/lang_datefunc.html.
+var parseTimeFormats = []string{
+	"2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999-07:00",
+	"2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999-07:00",
+	"2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999",
+	"2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999",
+	"2006-01-02 15:04",
+	"2006-01-02T15:04",
+	"2006-01-02",
+}
+
+// Attempt to parse s as a time. Return (s, false) if s is not
+// recognized as a valid time encoding.
+func (c *conn) parseTime(s string) (interface{}, bool) {
+	if v, ok := c.parseTimeString(s, strings.Index(s, "m=")); ok {
+		return v, true
+	}
+
+	ts := strings.TrimSuffix(s, "Z")
+
+	for _, f := range parseTimeFormats {
+		t, err := time.Parse(f, ts)
+		if err == nil {
+			return t, true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return s, false
+}
+
+// Attempt to parse s as a time string produced by t.String().  If x > 0 it's
+// the index of substring "m=" within s.  Return (s, false) if s is
+// not recognized as a valid time encoding.
+func (c *conn) parseTimeString(s0 string, x int) (interface{}, bool) {
+	s := s0
+	if x > 0 {
+		s = s[:x] // "2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999 -0700 MST m=+9999" -> "2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999 -0700 MST "
+	}
+	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+	if t, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999 -0700 MST", s); err == nil {
+		return t, true
+	}
+
+	return s0, false
+}
+
+// writeTimeFormats are the names and formats supported
+// by the `_time_format` DSN query param.
+var writeTimeFormats = map[string]string{
+	"sqlite": parseTimeFormats[0],
+}
+
+func (c *conn) formatTime(t time.Time) string {
+	// Before configurable write time formats were supported,
+	// time.Time.String was used. Maintain that default to
+	// keep existing driver users formatting times the same.
+	if c.writeTimeFormat == "" {
+		return t.String()
+	}
+	return t.Format(c.writeTimeFormat)
+}
+
+// RowsColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName may be implemented by Rows. It should return
+// the database system type name without the length. Type names should be
+// uppercase. Examples of returned types: "VARCHAR", "NVARCHAR", "VARCHAR2",
+// "CHAR", "TEXT", "DECIMAL", "SMALLINT", "INT", "BIGINT", "BOOL", "[]BIGINT",
+// "JSONB", "XML", "TIMESTAMP".
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeDatabaseTypeName(index int) string {
+	return strings.ToUpper(r.c.columnDeclType(r.pstmt, index))
+}
+
+// RowsColumnTypeLength may be implemented by Rows. It should return the length
+// of the column type if the column is a variable length type. If the column is
+// not a variable length type ok should return false. If length is not limited
+// other than system limits, it should return math.MaxInt64. The following are
+// examples of returned values for various types:
+//
+//	TEXT          (math.MaxInt64, true)
+//	varchar(10)   (10, true)
+//	nvarchar(10)  (10, true)
+//	decimal       (0, false)
+//	int           (0, false)
+//	bytea(30)     (30, true)
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeLength(index int) (length int64, ok bool) {
+	t, err := r.c.columnType(r.pstmt, index)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, false
+	}
+
+	switch t {
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_INTEGER:
+		return 0, false
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_FLOAT:
+		return 0, false
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_TEXT:
+		return math.MaxInt64, true
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_BLOB:
+		return math.MaxInt64, true
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_NULL:
+		return 0, false
+	default:
+		return 0, false
+	}
+}
+
+// RowsColumnTypeNullable may be implemented by Rows. The nullable value should
+// be true if it is known the column may be null, or false if the column is
+// known to be not nullable. If the column nullability is unknown, ok should be
+// false.
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeNullable(index int) (nullable, ok bool) {
+	return true, true
+}
+
+// RowsColumnTypePrecisionScale may be implemented by Rows. It should return
+// the precision and scale for decimal types. If not applicable, ok should be
+// false. The following are examples of returned values for various types:
+//
+//	decimal(38, 4)    (38, 4, true)
+//	int               (0, 0, false)
+//	decimal           (math.MaxInt64, math.MaxInt64, true)
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypePrecisionScale(index int) (precision, scale int64, ok bool) {
+	return 0, 0, false
+}
+
+// RowsColumnTypeScanType may be implemented by Rows. It should return the
+// value type that can be used to scan types into. For example, the database
+// column type "bigint" this should return "reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))".
+func (r *rows) ColumnTypeScanType(index int) reflect.Type {
+	t, err := r.c.columnType(r.pstmt, index)
+	if err != nil {
+		return reflect.TypeOf("")
+	}
+
+	switch t {
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_INTEGER:
+		switch strings.ToLower(r.c.columnDeclType(r.pstmt, index)) {
+		case "boolean":
+			return reflect.TypeOf(false)
+		case "date", "datetime", "time", "timestamp":
+			return reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
+		default:
+			return reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))
+		}
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_FLOAT:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(float64(0))
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_TEXT:
+		return reflect.TypeOf("")
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_BLOB:
+		return reflect.TypeOf([]byte(nil))
+	case sqlite3.SQLITE_NULL:
+		return reflect.TypeOf(nil)
+	default:
+		return reflect.TypeOf("")
+	}
+}
+
+type stmt struct {
+	c    *conn
+	psql uintptr
+}
+
+func newStmt(c *conn, sql string) (*stmt, error) {
+	p, err := libc.CString(sql)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	stm := stmt{c: c, psql: p}
+
+	return &stm, nil
+}
+
+// Close closes the statement.
+//
+// As of Go 1.1, a Stmt will not be closed if it's in use by any queries.
+func (s *stmt) Close() (err error) {
+	s.c.free(s.psql)
+	s.psql = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Exec executes a query that doesn't return rows, such as an INSERT or UPDATE.
+//
+// Deprecated: Drivers should implement StmtExecContext instead (or
+// additionally).
+func (s *stmt) Exec(args []driver.Value) (driver.Result, error) { //TODO StmtExecContext
+	return s.exec(context.Background(), toNamedValues(args))
+}
+
+// toNamedValues converts []driver.Value to []driver.NamedValue
+func toNamedValues(vals []driver.Value) (r []driver.NamedValue) {
+	r = make([]driver.NamedValue, len(vals))
+	for i, val := range vals {
+		r[i] = driver.NamedValue{Value: val, Ordinal: i + 1}
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func (s *stmt) exec(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (r driver.Result, err error) {
+	var pstmt uintptr
+	var done int32
+	if ctx != nil {
+		if ctxDone := ctx.Done(); ctxDone != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-ctxDone:
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			default:
+			}
+			defer interruptOnDone(ctx, s.c, &done)()
+		}
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if pstmt != 0 {
+			// ensure stmt finalized.
+			e := s.c.finalize(pstmt)
+
+			if err == nil && e != nil {
+				// prioritize original
+				// returned error.
+				err = e
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ctx != nil && atomic.LoadInt32(&done) != 0 {
+			r, err = nil, ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	for psql := s.psql; *(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(psql)) != 0 && atomic.LoadInt32(&done) == 0; {
+		if pstmt, err = s.c.prepareV2(&psql); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if pstmt == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		err = func() (err error) {
+			n, err := s.c.bindParameterCount(pstmt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			if n != 0 {
+				allocs, err := s.c.bind(pstmt, n, args)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				if len(allocs) != 0 {
+					defer func() {
+						for _, v := range allocs {
+							s.c.free(v)
+						}
+					}()
+				}
+			}
+
+			rc, err := s.c.step(pstmt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			switch rc & 0xff {
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_DONE, sqlite3.SQLITE_ROW:
+				r, err = newResult(s.c)
+			default:
+				return s.c.errstr(int32(rc))
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		}()
+
+		e := s.c.finalize(pstmt)
+		pstmt = 0 // done with
+
+		if err == nil && e != nil {
+			// prioritize original
+			// returned error.
+			err = e
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return r, err
+}
+
+// NumInput returns the number of placeholder parameters.
+//
+// If NumInput returns >= 0, the sql package will sanity check argument counts
+// from callers and return errors to the caller before the statement's Exec or
+// Query methods are called.
+//
+// NumInput may also return -1, if the driver doesn't know its number of
+// placeholders. In that case, the sql package will not sanity check Exec or
+// Query argument counts.
+func (s *stmt) NumInput() (n int) {
+	return -1
+}
+
+// Query executes a query that may return rows, such as a
+// SELECT.
+//
+// Deprecated: Drivers should implement StmtQueryContext instead (or
+// additionally).
+func (s *stmt) Query(args []driver.Value) (driver.Rows, error) { //TODO StmtQueryContext
+	return s.query(context.Background(), toNamedValues(args))
+}
+
+func (s *stmt) query(ctx context.Context, args []driver.NamedValue) (r driver.Rows, err error) {
+	var pstmt uintptr
+	var done int32
+	if ctx != nil {
+		if ctxDone := ctx.Done(); ctxDone != nil {
+			select {
+			case <-ctxDone:
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			default:
+			}
+			defer interruptOnDone(ctx, s.c, &done)()
+		}
+	}
+
+	var allocs []uintptr
+
+	defer func() {
+		if pstmt != 0 {
+			// ensure stmt finalized.
+			e := s.c.finalize(pstmt)
+
+			if err == nil && e != nil {
+				// prioritize original
+				// returned error.
+				err = e
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ctx != nil && atomic.LoadInt32(&done) != 0 {
+			r, err = nil, ctx.Err()
+		} else if r == nil && err == nil {
+			r, err = newRows(s.c, pstmt, allocs, true)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	for psql := s.psql; *(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(psql)) != 0 && atomic.LoadInt32(&done) == 0; {
+		if pstmt, err = s.c.prepareV2(&psql); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if pstmt == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		err = func() (err error) {
+			n, err := s.c.bindParameterCount(pstmt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			if n != 0 {
+				if allocs, err = s.c.bind(pstmt, n, args); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+
+			rc, err := s.c.step(pstmt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			switch rc & 0xff {
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_ROW:
+				if r != nil {
+					r.Close()
+				}
+				if r, err = newRows(s.c, pstmt, allocs, false); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				pstmt = 0
+				return nil
+			case sqlite3.SQLITE_DONE:
+				if r == nil {
+					if r, err = newRows(s.c, pstmt, allocs, true); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					pstmt = 0
+					return nil
+				}
+
+				// nop
+			default:
+				return s.c.errstr(int32(rc))
+			}
+
+			if *(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(psql)) == 0 {
+				if r != nil {
+					r.Close()
+				}
+				if r, err = newRows(s.c, pstmt, allocs, true); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				pstmt = 0
+			}
+			return nil
+		}()
+
+		e := s.c.finalize(pstmt)
+		pstmt = 0 // done with
+
+		if err == nil && e != nil {
+			// prioritize original
+			// returned error.
+			err = e
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return r, err
+}
+
+type tx struct {
+	c *conn
+}
+
+func newTx(ctx context.Context, c *conn, opts driver.TxOptions) (*tx, error) {
+	r := &tx{c: c}
+
+	sql := "begin"
+	if !opts.ReadOnly && c.beginMode != "" {
+		sql = "begin " + c.beginMode
+	}
+
+	if err := r.exec(ctx, sql); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+// Commit implements driver.Tx.
+func (t *tx) Commit() (err error) {
+	return t.exec(context.Background(), "commit")
+}
+
+// Rollback implements driver.Tx.
+func (t *tx) Rollback() (err error) {
+	return t.exec(context.Background(), "rollback")
+}
+
+func (t *tx) exec(ctx context.Context, sql string) (err error) {
+	psql, err := libc.CString(sql)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	defer t.c.free(psql)
+	//TODO use t.conn.ExecContext() instead
+
+	if ctx != nil && ctx.Done() != nil {
+		defer interruptOnDone(ctx, t.c, nil)()
+	}
+
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_exec(t.c.tls, t.c.db, psql, 0, 0, 0); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return t.c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// interruptOnDone sets up a goroutine to interrupt the provided db when the
+// context is canceled, and returns a function the caller must defer so it
+// doesn't interrupt after the caller finishes.
+func interruptOnDone(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	c *conn,
+	done *int32,
+) func() {
+	if done == nil {
+		var d int32
+		done = &d
+	}
+
+	donech := make(chan struct{})
+
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			// don't call interrupt if we were already done: it indicates that this
+			// call to exec is no longer running and we would be interrupting
+			// nothing, or even possibly an unrelated later call to exec.
+			if atomic.AddInt32(done, 1) == 1 {
+				c.interrupt(c.db)
+			}
+		case <-donech:
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// the caller is expected to defer this function
+	return func() {
+		// set the done flag so that a context cancellation right after the caller
+		// returns doesn't trigger a call to interrupt for some other statement.
+		atomic.AddInt32(done, 1)
+		close(donech)
+	}
+}
+
+type conn struct {
+	db  uintptr // *sqlite3.Xsqlite3
+	tls *libc.TLS
+
+	// Context handling can cause conn.Close and conn.interrupt to be invoked
+	// concurrently.
+	sync.Mutex
+
+	writeTimeFormat string
+	beginMode       string
+}
+
+func newConn(dsn string) (*conn, error) {
+	var query, vfsName string
+
+	// Parse the query parameters from the dsn and them from the dsn if not prefixed by file:
+	// https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/blob/3392062c729d77820afc1f5cae3427f0de39e954/sqlite3.go#L1046
+	// https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/blob/3392062c729d77820afc1f5cae3427f0de39e954/sqlite3.go#L1383
+	pos := strings.IndexRune(dsn, '?')
+	if pos >= 1 {
+		query = dsn[pos+1:]
+		var err error
+		vfsName, err = getVFSName(query)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(dsn, "file:") {
+			dsn = dsn[:pos]
+		}
+	}
+
+	c := &conn{tls: libc.NewTLS()}
+	db, err := c.openV2(
+		dsn,
+		vfsName,
+		sqlite3.SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE|sqlite3.SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|
+			sqlite3.SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX|
+			sqlite3.SQLITE_OPEN_URI,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	c.db = db
+	if err = c.extendedResultCodes(true); err != nil {
+		c.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err = applyQueryParams(c, query); err != nil {
+		c.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+func getVFSName(query string) (r string, err error) {
+	q, err := url.ParseQuery(query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range q["vfs"] {
+		if r != "" && r != v {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("conflicting vfs query parameters: %v", q["vfs"])
+		}
+
+		r = v
+	}
+
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+func applyQueryParams(c *conn, query string) error {
+	q, err := url.ParseQuery(query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range q["_pragma"] {
+		cmd := "pragma " + v
+		_, err := c.exec(context.Background(), cmd, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if v := q.Get("_time_format"); v != "" {
+		f, ok := writeTimeFormats[v]
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unknown _time_format %q", v)
+		}
+		c.writeTimeFormat = f
+	}
+
+	if v := q.Get("_txlock"); v != "" {
+		lower := strings.ToLower(v)
+		if lower != "deferred" && lower != "immediate" && lower != "exclusive" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unknown _txlock %q", v)
+		}
+		c.beginMode = v
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+func (c *conn) columnBlob(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) (v []byte, err error) {
+	p := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_blob(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol))
+	len, err := c.columnBytes(pstmt, iCol)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if p == 0 || len == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	v = make([]byte, len)
+	copy(v, (*libc.RawMem)(unsafe.Pointer(p))[:len:len])
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+func (c *conn) columnBytes(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) (_ int, err error) {
+	v := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_bytes(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol))
+	return int(v), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+func (c *conn) columnText(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) (v string, err error) {
+	p := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_text(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol))
+	len, err := c.columnBytes(pstmt, iCol)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	if p == 0 || len == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	b := make([]byte, len)
+	copy(b, (*libc.RawMem)(unsafe.Pointer(p))[:len:len])
+	return string(b), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+func (c *conn) columnDouble(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) (v float64, err error) {
+	v = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_double(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol))
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+func (c *conn) columnInt64(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) (v int64, err error) {
+	v = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_int64(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol))
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+func (c *conn) columnType(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) (_ int, err error) {
+	v := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_type(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol))
+	return int(v), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+func (c *conn) columnDeclType(pstmt uintptr, iCol int) string {
+	return libc.GoString(sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_decltype(c.tls, pstmt, int32(iCol)))
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
+func (c *conn) columnName(pstmt uintptr, n int) (string, error) {
+	p := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_name(c.tls, pstmt, int32(n))
+	return libc.GoString(p), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+func (c *conn) columnCount(pstmt uintptr) (_ int, err error) {
+	v := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_column_count(c.tls, pstmt)
+	return int(v), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
+func (c *conn) lastInsertRowID() (v int64, _ error) {
+	return sqlite3.Xsqlite3_last_insert_rowid(c.tls, c.db), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
+func (c *conn) changes() (int, error) {
+	v := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_changes(c.tls, c.db)
+	return int(v), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
+func (c *conn) step(pstmt uintptr) (int, error) {
+	for {
+		switch rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_step(c.tls, pstmt); rc {
+		case sqliteLockedSharedcache:
+			if err := c.retry(pstmt); err != nil {
+				return sqlite3.SQLITE_LOCKED, err
+			}
+		case
+			sqlite3.SQLITE_DONE,
+			sqlite3.SQLITE_ROW:
+
+			return int(rc), nil
+		default:
+			return int(rc), c.errstr(rc)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *conn) retry(pstmt uintptr) error {
+	mu := mutexAlloc(c.tls)
+	(*mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(mu)).Lock()
+	rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_unlock_notify(
+		c.tls,
+		c.db,
+		*(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(&struct {
+			f func(*libc.TLS, uintptr, int32)
+		}{unlockNotify})),
+		mu,
+	)
+	if rc == sqlite3.SQLITE_LOCKED { // Deadlock, see https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/unlock_notify.html
+		(*mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(mu)).Unlock()
+		mutexFree(c.tls, mu)
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	(*mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(mu)).Lock()
+	(*mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(mu)).Unlock()
+	mutexFree(c.tls, mu)
+	if pstmt != 0 {
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_reset(c.tls, pstmt)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func unlockNotify(t *libc.TLS, ppArg uintptr, nArg int32) {
+	for i := int32(0); i < nArg; i++ {
+		mu := *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(ppArg))
+		(*mutex)(unsafe.Pointer(mu)).Unlock()
+		ppArg += ptrSize
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *conn) bind(pstmt uintptr, n int, args []driver.NamedValue) (allocs []uintptr, err error) {
+	defer func() {
+		if err == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		for _, v := range allocs {
+			c.free(v)
+		}
+		allocs = nil
+	}()
+
+	for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
+		name, err := c.bindParameterName(pstmt, i)
+		if err != nil {
+			return allocs, err
+		}
+
+		var found bool
+		var v driver.NamedValue
+		for _, v = range args {
+			if name != "" {
+				// For ?NNN and $NNN params, match if NNN == v.Ordinal.
+				//
+				// Supporting this for $NNN is a special case that makes eg
+				// `select $1, $2, $3 ...` work without needing to use
+				// sql.Named.
+				if (name[0] == '?' || name[0] == '$') && name[1:] == strconv.Itoa(v.Ordinal) {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+
+				// sqlite supports '$', '@' and ':' prefixes for string
+				// identifiers and '?' for numeric, so we cannot
+				// combine different prefixes with the same name
+				// because `database/sql` requires variable names
+				// to start with a letter
+				if name[1:] == v.Name[:] {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			} else {
+				if v.Ordinal == i {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !found {
+			if name != "" {
+				return allocs, fmt.Errorf("missing named argument %q", name[1:])
+			}
+
+			return allocs, fmt.Errorf("missing argument with index %d", i)
+		}
+
+		var p uintptr
+		switch x := v.Value.(type) {
+		case int64:
+			if err := c.bindInt64(pstmt, i, x); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		case float64:
+			if err := c.bindDouble(pstmt, i, x); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		case bool:
+			v := 0
+			if x {
+				v = 1
+			}
+			if err := c.bindInt(pstmt, i, v); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		case []byte:
+			if p, err = c.bindBlob(pstmt, i, x); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		case string:
+			if p, err = c.bindText(pstmt, i, x); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		case time.Time:
+			if p, err = c.bindText(pstmt, i, c.formatTime(x)); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		case nil:
+			if p, err = c.bindNull(pstmt, i); err != nil {
+				return allocs, err
+			}
+		default:
+			return allocs, fmt.Errorf("sqlite: invalid driver.Value type %T", x)
+		}
+		if p != 0 {
+			allocs = append(allocs, p)
+		}
+	}
+	return allocs, nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
+func (c *conn) bindNull(pstmt uintptr, idx1 int) (uintptr, error) {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_null(c.tls, pstmt, int32(idx1)); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return 0, c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return 0, nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
+func (c *conn) bindText(pstmt uintptr, idx1 int, value string) (uintptr, error) {
+	p, err := libc.CString(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_text(c.tls, pstmt, int32(idx1), p, int32(len(value)), 0); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		c.free(p)
+		return 0, c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
+func (c *conn) bindInt(pstmt uintptr, idx1, value int) (err error) {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_int(c.tls, pstmt, int32(idx1), int32(value)); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
+func (c *conn) bindDouble(pstmt uintptr, idx1 int, value float64) (err error) {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_double(c.tls, pstmt, int32(idx1), value); rc != 0 {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
+func (c *conn) bindInt64(pstmt uintptr, idx1 int, value int64) (err error) {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_int64(c.tls, pstmt, int32(idx1), value); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
+func (c *conn) bindParameterName(pstmt uintptr, i int) (string, error) {
+	p := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_parameter_name(c.tls, pstmt, int32(i))
+	return libc.GoString(p), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
+func (c *conn) bindParameterCount(pstmt uintptr) (_ int, err error) {
+	r := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_bind_parameter_count(c.tls, pstmt)
+	return int(r), nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+func (c *conn) finalize(pstmt uintptr) error {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_finalize(c.tls, pstmt); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+//	sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+//	const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
+//	int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+//	sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+//	const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+//	);
+func (c *conn) prepareV2(zSQL *uintptr) (pstmt uintptr, err error) {
+	var ppstmt, pptail uintptr
+
+	defer func() {
+		c.free(ppstmt)
+		c.free(pptail)
+	}()
+
+	if ppstmt, err = c.malloc(int(ptrSize)); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	if pptail, err = c.malloc(int(ptrSize)); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	for {
+		switch rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_prepare_v2(c.tls, c.db, *zSQL, -1, ppstmt, pptail); rc {
+		case sqlite3.SQLITE_OK:
+			*zSQL = *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(pptail))
+			return *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(ppstmt)), nil
+		case sqliteLockedSharedcache:
+			if err := c.retry(0); err != nil {
+				return 0, err
+			}
+		default:
+			return 0, c.errstr(rc)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
+func (c *conn) interrupt(pdb uintptr) (err error) {
+	c.Lock() // Defend against race with .Close invoked by context handling.
+
+	defer c.Unlock()
+
+	if c.tls != nil {
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_interrupt(c.tls, pdb)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
+func (c *conn) extendedResultCodes(on bool) error {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_extended_result_codes(c.tls, c.db, libc.Bool32(on)); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_open_v2(
+//	const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
+//	sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+//	int flags,              /* Flags */
+//	const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
+//	);
+func (c *conn) openV2(name, vfsName string, flags int32) (uintptr, error) {
+	var p, s, vfs uintptr
+
+	defer func() {
+		if p != 0 {
+			c.free(p)
+		}
+		if s != 0 {
+			c.free(s)
+		}
+		if vfs != 0 {
+			c.free(vfs)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	p, err := c.malloc(int(ptrSize))
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	if s, err = libc.CString(name); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	if vfsName != "" {
+		if vfs, err = libc.CString(vfsName); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_open_v2(c.tls, s, p, flags, vfs); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return 0, c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(p)), nil
+}
+
+func (c *conn) malloc(n int) (uintptr, error) {
+	if p := libc.Xmalloc(c.tls, types.Size_t(n)); p != 0 || n == 0 {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("sqlite: cannot allocate %d bytes of memory", n)
+}
+
+func (c *conn) free(p uintptr) {
+	if p != 0 {
+		libc.Xfree(c.tls, p)
+	}
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
+func (c *conn) errstr(rc int32) error {
+	p := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_errstr(c.tls, rc)
+	str := libc.GoString(p)
+	p = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_errmsg(c.tls, c.db)
+	var s string
+	if rc == sqlite3.SQLITE_BUSY {
+		s = " (SQLITE_BUSY)"
+	}
+	switch msg := libc.GoString(p); {
+	case msg == str:
+		return &Error{msg: fmt.Sprintf("%s (%v)%s", str, rc, s), code: int(rc)}
+	default:
+		return &Error{msg: fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s (%v)%s", str, msg, rc, s), code: int(rc)}
+	}
+}
+
+// Begin starts a transaction.
+//
+// Deprecated: Drivers should implement ConnBeginTx instead (or additionally).
+func (c *conn) Begin() (dt driver.Tx, err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("conn %p: (driver.Tx %p, err %v)", c, dt, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	return c.begin(context.Background(), driver.TxOptions{})
+}
+
+func (c *conn) begin(ctx context.Context, opts driver.TxOptions) (t driver.Tx, err error) {
+	return newTx(ctx, c, opts)
+}
+
+// Close invalidates and potentially stops any current prepared statements and
+// transactions, marking this connection as no longer in use.
+//
+// Because the sql package maintains a free pool of connections and only calls
+// Close when there's a surplus of idle connections, it shouldn't be necessary
+// for drivers to do their own connection caching.
+func (c *conn) Close() (err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("conn %p: err %v", c, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	c.Lock() // Defend against race with .interrupt invoked by context handling.
+
+	defer c.Unlock()
+
+	if c.db != 0 {
+		if err := c.closeV2(c.db); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		c.db = 0
+	}
+
+	if c.tls != nil {
+		c.tls.Close()
+		c.tls = nil
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
+func (c *conn) closeV2(db uintptr) error {
+	if rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_close_v2(c.tls, db); rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// FunctionImpl describes an [application-defined SQL function]. If Scalar is
+// set, it is treated as a scalar function; otherwise, it is treated as an
+// aggregate function using MakeAggregate.
+//
+// [application-defined SQL function]: https://sqlite.org/appfunc.html
+type FunctionImpl struct {
+	// NArgs is the required number of arguments that the function accepts.
+	// If NArgs is negative, then the function is variadic.
+	NArgs int32
+
+	// If Deterministic is true, the function must always give the same
+	// output when the input parameters are the same. This enables functions
+	// to be used in additional contexts like the WHERE clause of partial
+	// indexes and enables additional optimizations.
+	//
+	// See https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_deterministic.html#sqlitedeterministic
+	// for more details.
+	Deterministic bool
+
+	// Scalar is called when a scalar function is invoked in SQL. The
+	// argument Values are not valid past the return of the function.
+	Scalar func(ctx *FunctionContext, args []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error)
+
+	// MakeAggregate is called at the beginning of each evaluation of an
+	// aggregate function.
+	MakeAggregate func(ctx FunctionContext) (AggregateFunction, error)
+}
+
+// An AggregateFunction is an invocation of an aggregate or window function. See
+// the documentation for [aggregate function callbacks] and [application-defined
+// window functions] for an overview.
+//
+// [aggregate function callbacks]: https://www.sqlite.org/appfunc.html#the_aggregate_function_callbacks
+// [application-defined window functions]: https://www.sqlite.org/windowfunctions.html#user_defined_aggregate_window_functions
+type AggregateFunction interface {
+	// Step is called for each row of an aggregate function's SQL
+	// invocation. The argument Values are not valid past the return of the
+	// function.
+	Step(ctx *FunctionContext, rowArgs []driver.Value) error
+
+	// WindowInverse is called to remove the oldest presently aggregated
+	// result of Step from the current window. The arguments are those
+	// passed to Step for the row being removed. The argument Values are not
+	// valid past the return of the function.
+	WindowInverse(ctx *FunctionContext, rowArgs []driver.Value) error
+
+	// WindowValue is called to get the current value of an aggregate
+	// function. This is used to return the final value of the function,
+	// whether it is used as a window function or not.
+	WindowValue(ctx *FunctionContext) (driver.Value, error)
+
+	// Final is called after all of the aggregate function's input rows have
+	// been stepped through. No other methods will be called on the
+	// AggregateFunction after calling Final. WindowValue returns the value
+	// from the function.
+	Final(ctx *FunctionContext)
+}
+
+type userDefinedFunction struct {
+	zFuncName uintptr
+	nArg      int32
+	eTextRep  int32
+	pApp      uintptr
+
+	scalar   bool
+	freeOnce sync.Once
+}
+
+func (c *conn) createFunctionInternal(fun *userDefinedFunction) error {
+	var rc int32
+
+	if fun.scalar {
+		rc = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_create_function(
+			c.tls,
+			c.db,
+			fun.zFuncName,
+			fun.nArg,
+			fun.eTextRep,
+			fun.pApp,
+			cFuncPointer(funcTrampoline),
+			0,
+			0,
+		)
+	} else {
+		rc = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_create_window_function(
+			c.tls,
+			c.db,
+			fun.zFuncName,
+			fun.nArg,
+			fun.eTextRep,
+			fun.pApp,
+			cFuncPointer(stepTrampoline),
+			cFuncPointer(finalTrampoline),
+			cFuncPointer(valueTrampoline),
+			cFuncPointer(inverseTrampoline),
+			0,
+		)
+	}
+
+	if rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type collation struct {
+	zName uintptr
+	pApp  uintptr
+	enc   int32
+}
+
+// RegisterCollationUtf8 makes a Go function available as a collation named zName.
+// impl receives two UTF-8 strings: left and right.
+// The result needs to be:
+//
+// - 0 if left == right
+// - 1 if left < right
+// - +1 if left > right
+//
+// impl must always return the same result given the same inputs.
+// Additionally, it must have the following properties for all strings A, B and C:
+// - if A==B, then B==A
+// - if A==B and B==C, then A==C
+// - if A<B, then B>A
+// - if A<B and B<C, then A<C.
+//
+// The new collation will be available to all new connections opened after
+// executing RegisterCollationUtf8.
+func RegisterCollationUtf8(
+	zName string,
+	impl func(left, right string) int,
+) error {
+	return registerCollation(zName, impl, sqlite3.SQLITE_UTF8)
+}
+
+// MustRegisterCollationUtf8 is like RegisterCollationUtf8 but panics on error.
+func MustRegisterCollationUtf8(
+	zName string,
+	impl func(left, right string) int,
+) {
+	if err := RegisterCollationUtf8(zName, impl); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func registerCollation(
+	zName string,
+	impl func(left, right string) int,
+	enc int32,
+) error {
+	if _, ok := d.collations[zName]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("a collation %q is already registered", zName)
+	}
+
+	// dont free, collations registered on the driver live as long as the program
+	name, err := libc.CString(zName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	xCollations.mu.Lock()
+	id := xCollations.ids.next()
+	xCollations.m[id] = impl
+	xCollations.mu.Unlock()
+
+	d.collations[zName] = &collation{
+		zName: name,
+		pApp:  id,
+		enc:   enc,
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *conn) createCollationInternal(coll *collation) error {
+	rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_create_collation_v2(
+		c.tls,
+		c.db,
+		coll.zName,
+		coll.enc,
+		coll.pApp,
+		cFuncPointer(collationTrampoline),
+		0,
+	)
+	if rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Execer is an optional interface that may be implemented by a Conn.
+//
+// If a Conn does not implement Execer, the sql package's DB.Exec will first
+// prepare a query, execute the statement, and then close the statement.
+//
+// Exec may return ErrSkip.
+//
+// Deprecated: Drivers should implement ExecerContext instead.
+func (c *conn) Exec(query string, args []driver.Value) (dr driver.Result, err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("conn %p, query %q, args %v: (driver.Result %p, err %v)", c, query, args, dr, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	return c.exec(context.Background(), query, toNamedValues(args))
+}
+
+func (c *conn) exec(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.NamedValue) (r driver.Result, err error) {
+	s, err := c.prepare(ctx, query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if err2 := s.Close(); err2 != nil && err == nil {
+			err = err2
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return s.(*stmt).exec(ctx, args)
+}
+
+// Prepare returns a prepared statement, bound to this connection.
+func (c *conn) Prepare(query string) (ds driver.Stmt, err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("conn %p, query %q: (driver.Stmt %p, err %v)", c, query, ds, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	return c.prepare(context.Background(), query)
+}
+
+func (c *conn) prepare(ctx context.Context, query string) (s driver.Stmt, err error) {
+	//TODO use ctx
+	return newStmt(c, query)
+}
+
+// Queryer is an optional interface that may be implemented by a Conn.
+//
+// If a Conn does not implement Queryer, the sql package's DB.Query will first
+// prepare a query, execute the statement, and then close the statement.
+//
+// Query may return ErrSkip.
+//
+// Deprecated: Drivers should implement QueryerContext instead.
+func (c *conn) Query(query string, args []driver.Value) (dr driver.Rows, err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("conn %p, query %q, args %v: (driver.Rows %p, err %v)", c, query, args, dr, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	return c.query(context.Background(), query, toNamedValues(args))
+}
+
+func (c *conn) query(ctx context.Context, query string, args []driver.NamedValue) (r driver.Rows, err error) {
+	s, err := c.prepare(ctx, query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if err2 := s.Close(); err2 != nil && err == nil {
+			err = err2
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return s.(*stmt).query(ctx, args)
+}
+
+// Serialize returns a serialization of the main database. For an ordinary on-disk
+// database file, the serialization is just a copy of the disk file. For an in-memory
+// database or a "TEMP" database, the serialization is the same sequence of bytes
+// which would be written to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
+func (c *conn) Serialize() (v []byte, err error) {
+	pLen := c.tls.Alloc(8)
+	defer c.tls.Free(8)
+
+	zSchema := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_db_name(c.tls, c.db, 0)
+	if zSchema == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get main db name")
+	}
+
+	pBuf := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_serialize(c.tls, c.db, zSchema, pLen, 0)
+	bufLen := *(*sqlite3.Sqlite3_int64)(unsafe.Pointer(pLen))
+	if pBuf != 0 {
+		defer sqlite3.Xsqlite3_free(c.tls, pBuf)
+	}
+	if bufLen <= 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid length returned: %d", bufLen)
+	} else if pBuf == 0 || bufLen == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	v = make([]byte, bufLen)
+	copy(v, (*libc.RawMem)(unsafe.Pointer(pBuf))[:bufLen:bufLen])
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+// Deserialize restore a database from the content returned by Serialize.
+func (c *conn) Deserialize(buf []byte) (err error) {
+	bufLen := len(buf)
+	pBuf := c.tls.Alloc(bufLen) // free will be done if it fails or on close, must not be freed here
+
+	copy((*libc.RawMem)(unsafe.Pointer(pBuf))[:bufLen:bufLen], buf)
+
+	zSchema := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_db_name(c.tls, c.db, 0)
+	if zSchema == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get main db name")
+	}
+
+	rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_deserialize(c.tls, c.db, zSchema, pBuf, int64(bufLen), int64(bufLen), sqlite3.SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE|sqlite3.SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE)
+	if rc != sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Backup object is used to manage progress and cleanup an online backup. It
+// is returned by NewBackup or NewRestore.
+type Backup struct {
+	srcConn *conn   // source database connection
+	dstConn *conn   // destination database connection
+	pBackup uintptr // sqlite3_backup object pointer
+}
+
+// NewBackup returns a Backup object that will create an online backup of
+// current database to the databased pointed by the passed URI.
+func (c *conn) NewBackup(dstUri string) (*Backup, error) {
+	dstConn, err := newConn(dstUri)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	backup, err := c.backup(dstConn, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		dstConn.Close()
+	}
+	return backup, err
+}
+
+// NewRestore returns a Backup object that will restore a backup to current
+// database from the databased pointed by the passed URI.
+func (c *conn) NewRestore(srcUri string) (*Backup, error) {
+	srcConn, err := newConn(srcUri)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	backup, err := c.backup(srcConn, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		srcConn.Close()
+	}
+	return backup, err
+}
+
+func (c *conn) backup(remoteConn *conn, restore bool) (_ *Backup, finalErr error) {
+	srcSchema := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_db_name(c.tls, c.db, 0)
+	if srcSchema == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get main source db name")
+	}
+
+	dstSchema := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_db_name(remoteConn.tls, remoteConn.db, 0)
+	if dstSchema == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get main destination db name")
+	}
+
+	var pBackup uintptr
+	if restore {
+		pBackup = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_backup_init(c.tls, c.db, srcSchema, remoteConn.db, dstSchema)
+	} else {
+		pBackup = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_backup_init(c.tls, remoteConn.db, dstSchema, c.db, srcSchema)
+	}
+	if pBackup <= 0 {
+		rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_errcode(c.tls, remoteConn.db)
+		return nil, c.errstr(rc)
+	}
+
+	return &Backup{srcConn: c, dstConn: remoteConn, pBackup: pBackup}, nil
+}
+
+// Step will copy up to n pages between the source and destination databases
+// specified by the backup object. If n is negative, all remaining source
+// pages are copied.
+// If it successfully copies n pages and there are still more pages to be
+// copied, then the function returns true with no error. If it successfully
+// finishes copying all pages from source to destination, then it returns
+// false with no error. If an error occurs while running, then an error is
+// returned.
+func (b *Backup) Step(n int32) (bool, error) {
+	rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_backup_step(b.srcConn.tls, b.pBackup, n)
+	if rc == sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return true, nil
+	} else if rc == sqlite3.SQLITE_DONE {
+		return false, nil
+	} else {
+		return false, b.srcConn.errstr(rc)
+	}
+}
+
+// Finish releases all resources associated with the Backup object. The Backup
+// object is invalid and may not be used following a call to Finish.
+func (b *Backup) Finish() error {
+	rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_backup_finish(b.srcConn.tls, b.pBackup)
+	b.dstConn.Close()
+	if rc == sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return nil
+	} else {
+		return b.srcConn.errstr(rc)
+	}
+}
+
+type ExecQuerierContext interface {
+	driver.ExecerContext
+	driver.QueryerContext
+}
+
+// Commit releases all resources associated with the Backup object but does not
+// close the destination database connection.
+//
+// The destination database connection is returned to the caller or an error if raised.
+// It is the responsibility of the caller to handle the connection closure.
+func (b *Backup) Commit() (driver.Conn, error) {
+	rc := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_backup_finish(b.srcConn.tls, b.pBackup)
+
+	if rc == sqlite3.SQLITE_OK {
+		return b.dstConn, nil
+	} else {
+		return nil, b.srcConn.errstr(rc)
+	}
+}
+
+// ConnectionHookFn function type for a connection hook on the Driver. Connection
+// hooks are called after the connection has been set up.
+type ConnectionHookFn func(
+	conn ExecQuerierContext,
+	dsn string,
+) error
+
+// Driver implements database/sql/driver.Driver.
+type Driver struct {
+	// user defined functions that are added to every new connection on Open
+	udfs map[string]*userDefinedFunction
+	// collations that are added to every new connection on Open
+	collations map[string]*collation
+	// connection hooks are called after a connection is opened
+	connectionHooks []ConnectionHookFn
+}
+
+var d = &Driver{
+	udfs:            make(map[string]*userDefinedFunction, 0),
+	collations:      make(map[string]*collation, 0),
+	connectionHooks: make([]ConnectionHookFn, 0),
+}
+
+func newDriver() *Driver { return d }
+
+// Open returns a new connection to the database. The name is a string in a
+// driver-specific format.
+//
+// Open may return a cached connection (one previously closed), but doing so is
+// unnecessary; the sql package maintains a pool of idle connections for
+// efficient re-use.
+//
+// The returned connection is only used by one goroutine at a time.
+//
+// The name may be a filename, e.g., "/tmp/mydata.sqlite", or a URI, in which
+// case it may include a '?' followed by one or more query parameters.
+// For example, "file:///tmp/mydata.sqlite?_pragma=foreign_keys(1)&_time_format=sqlite".
+// The supported query parameters are:
+//
+// _pragma: Each value will be run as a "PRAGMA ..." statement (with the PRAGMA
+// keyword added for you). May be specified more than once, '&'-separated. For more
+// information on supported PRAGMAs see: https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html
+//
+// _time_format: The name of a format to use when writing time values to the
+// database. Currently the only supported value is "sqlite", which corresponds
+// to format 7 from https://www.sqlite.org/lang_datefunc.html#time_values,
+// including the timezone specifier. If this parameter is not specified, then
+// the default String() format will be used.
+//
+// _txlock: The locking behavior to use when beginning a transaction. May be
+// "deferred" (the default), "immediate", or "exclusive" (case insensitive). See:
+// https://www.sqlite.org/lang_transaction.html#deferred_immediate_and_exclusive_transactions
+func (d *Driver) Open(name string) (conn driver.Conn, err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("name %q: (driver.Conn %p, err %v)", name, conn, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	c, err := newConn(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, udf := range d.udfs {
+		if err = c.createFunctionInternal(udf); err != nil {
+			c.Close()
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	for _, coll := range d.collations {
+		if err = c.createCollationInternal(coll); err != nil {
+			c.Close()
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	for _, connHookFn := range d.connectionHooks {
+		if err = connHookFn(c, name); err != nil {
+			c.Close()
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("connection hook: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+// FunctionContext represents the context user defined functions execute in.
+// Fields and/or methods of this type may get addedd in the future.
+type FunctionContext struct {
+	tls *libc.TLS
+	ctx uintptr
+}
+
+const sqliteValPtrSize = unsafe.Sizeof(&sqlite3.Sqlite3_value{})
+
+// RegisterFunction registers a function named zFuncName with nArg arguments.
+// Passing -1 for nArg indicates the function is variadic. The FunctionImpl
+// determines whether the function is deterministic or not, and whether it is a
+// scalar function (when Scalar is defined) or an aggregate function (when
+// Scalar is not defined and MakeAggregate is defined).
+//
+// The new function will be available to all new connections opened after
+// executing RegisterFunction.
+func RegisterFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	impl *FunctionImpl,
+) error {
+	return registerFunction(zFuncName, impl)
+}
+
+// MustRegisterFunction is like RegisterFunction but panics on error.
+func MustRegisterFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	impl *FunctionImpl,
+) {
+	if err := RegisterFunction(zFuncName, impl); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+// RegisterScalarFunction registers a scalar function named zFuncName with nArg
+// arguments. Passing -1 for nArg indicates the function is variadic.
+//
+// The new function will be available to all new connections opened after
+// executing RegisterScalarFunction.
+func RegisterScalarFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	nArg int32,
+	xFunc func(ctx *FunctionContext, args []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error),
+) (err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("zFuncName %q, nArg %v, xFunc %p: err %v", zFuncName, nArg, xFunc, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	return registerFunction(zFuncName, &FunctionImpl{NArgs: nArg, Scalar: xFunc, Deterministic: false})
+}
+
+// MustRegisterScalarFunction is like RegisterScalarFunction but panics on
+// error.
+func MustRegisterScalarFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	nArg int32,
+	xFunc func(ctx *FunctionContext, args []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error),
+) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		dmesg("zFuncName %q, nArg %v, xFunc %p", zFuncName, nArg, xFunc)
+	}
+	if err := RegisterScalarFunction(zFuncName, nArg, xFunc); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+// MustRegisterDeterministicScalarFunction is like
+// RegisterDeterministicScalarFunction but panics on error.
+func MustRegisterDeterministicScalarFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	nArg int32,
+	xFunc func(ctx *FunctionContext, args []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error),
+) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		dmesg("zFuncName %q, nArg %v, xFunc %p", zFuncName, nArg, xFunc)
+	}
+	if err := RegisterDeterministicScalarFunction(zFuncName, nArg, xFunc); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+// RegisterDeterministicScalarFunction registers a deterministic scalar
+// function named zFuncName with nArg arguments. Passing -1 for nArg indicates
+// the function is variadic. A deterministic function means that the function
+// always gives the same output when the input parameters are the same.
+//
+// The new function will be available to all new connections opened after
+// executing RegisterDeterministicScalarFunction.
+func RegisterDeterministicScalarFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	nArg int32,
+	xFunc func(ctx *FunctionContext, args []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error),
+) (err error) {
+	if dmesgs {
+		defer func() {
+			dmesg("zFuncName %q, nArg %v, xFunc %p: err %v", zFuncName, nArg, xFunc, err)
+		}()
+	}
+	return registerFunction(zFuncName, &FunctionImpl{NArgs: nArg, Scalar: xFunc, Deterministic: true})
+}
+
+func registerFunction(
+	zFuncName string,
+	impl *FunctionImpl,
+) error {
+
+	if _, ok := d.udfs[zFuncName]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("a function named %q is already registered", zFuncName)
+	}
+
+	// dont free, functions registered on the driver live as long as the program
+	name, err := libc.CString(zFuncName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var textrep int32 = sqlite3.SQLITE_UTF8
+
+	if impl.Deterministic {
+		textrep |= sqlite3.SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC
+	}
+
+	udf := &userDefinedFunction{
+		zFuncName: name,
+		nArg:      impl.NArgs,
+		eTextRep:  textrep,
+	}
+
+	if impl.Scalar != nil {
+		xFuncs.mu.Lock()
+		id := xFuncs.ids.next()
+		xFuncs.m[id] = impl.Scalar
+		xFuncs.mu.Unlock()
+
+		udf.scalar = true
+		udf.pApp = id
+	} else {
+		xAggregateFactories.mu.Lock()
+		id := xAggregateFactories.ids.next()
+		xAggregateFactories.m[id] = impl.MakeAggregate
+		xAggregateFactories.mu.Unlock()
+
+		udf.pApp = id
+	}
+
+	d.udfs[zFuncName] = udf
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RegisterConnectionHook registers a function to be called after each connection
+// is opened. This is called after all the connection has been set up.
+func (d *Driver) RegisterConnectionHook(fn ConnectionHookFn) {
+	d.connectionHooks = append(d.connectionHooks, fn)
+}
+
+// RegisterConnectionHook registers a function to be called after each connection
+// is opened. This is called after all the connection has been set up.
+func RegisterConnectionHook(fn ConnectionHookFn) {
+	d.RegisterConnectionHook(fn)
+}
+
+func origin(skip int) string {
+	pc, fn, fl, _ := runtime.Caller(skip)
+	f := runtime.FuncForPC(pc)
+	var fns string
+	if f != nil {
+		fns = f.Name()
+		if x := strings.LastIndex(fns, "."); x > 0 {
+			fns = fns[x+1:]
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d:%s", fn, fl, fns)
+}
+
+func errorResultFunction(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr) func(error) {
+	return func(res error) {
+		errmsg, cerr := libc.CString(res.Error())
+		if cerr != nil {
+			panic(cerr)
+		}
+		defer libc.Xfree(tls, errmsg)
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_error(tls, ctx, errmsg, -1)
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_error_code(tls, ctx, sqlite3.SQLITE_ERROR)
+	}
+}
+
+func functionArgs(tls *libc.TLS, argc int32, argv uintptr) []driver.Value {
+	args := make([]driver.Value, argc)
+	for i := int32(0); i < argc; i++ {
+		valPtr := *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(argv + uintptr(i)*sqliteValPtrSize))
+
+		switch valType := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_value_type(tls, valPtr); valType {
+		case sqlite3.SQLITE_TEXT:
+			args[i] = libc.GoString(sqlite3.Xsqlite3_value_text(tls, valPtr))
+		case sqlite3.SQLITE_INTEGER:
+			args[i] = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_value_int64(tls, valPtr)
+		case sqlite3.SQLITE_FLOAT:
+			args[i] = sqlite3.Xsqlite3_value_double(tls, valPtr)
+		case sqlite3.SQLITE_NULL:
+			args[i] = nil
+		case sqlite3.SQLITE_BLOB:
+			size := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_value_bytes(tls, valPtr)
+			blobPtr := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_value_blob(tls, valPtr)
+			v := make([]byte, size)
+			copy(v, (*libc.RawMem)(unsafe.Pointer(blobPtr))[:size:size])
+			args[i] = v
+		default:
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected argument type %q passed by sqlite", valType))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return args
+}
+
+func functionReturnValue(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr, res driver.Value) error {
+	switch resTyped := res.(type) {
+	case nil:
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_null(tls, ctx)
+	case int64:
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_int64(tls, ctx, resTyped)
+	case float64:
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_double(tls, ctx, resTyped)
+	case bool:
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_int(tls, ctx, libc.Bool32(resTyped))
+	case time.Time:
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_int64(tls, ctx, resTyped.Unix())
+	case string:
+		size := int32(len(resTyped))
+		cstr, err := libc.CString(resTyped)
+		if err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+		defer libc.Xfree(tls, cstr)
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_text(tls, ctx, cstr, size, sqlite3.SQLITE_TRANSIENT)
+	case []byte:
+		size := int32(len(resTyped))
+		if size == 0 {
+			sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_zeroblob(tls, ctx, 0)
+			return nil
+		}
+		p := libc.Xmalloc(tls, types.Size_t(size))
+		if p == 0 {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("unable to allocate space for blob: %d", size))
+		}
+		defer libc.Xfree(tls, p)
+		copy((*libc.RawMem)(unsafe.Pointer(p))[:size:size], resTyped)
+
+		sqlite3.Xsqlite3_result_blob(tls, ctx, p, size, sqlite3.SQLITE_TRANSIENT)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("function did not return a valid driver.Value: %T", resTyped)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// The below is all taken from zombiezen.com/go/sqlite. Aggregate functions need
+// to maintain state (for instance, the count of values seen so far). We give
+// each aggregate function an ID, generated by idGen, and put that in the pApp
+// argument to sqlite3_create_function. We track this on the Go side in
+// xAggregateFactories.
+//
+// When (if) the function is called is called by a query, we call the
+// MakeAggregate factory function to set it up, and track that in
+// xAggregateContext, retrieving it via sqlite3_aggregate_context.
+//
+// We also need to ensure that, for both aggregate and scalar functions, the
+// function pointer we pass to SQLite meets certain rules on the Go side, so
+// that the pointer remains valid.
+var (
+	xFuncs = struct {
+		mu  sync.RWMutex
+		m   map[uintptr]func(*FunctionContext, []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error)
+		ids idGen
+	}{
+		m: make(map[uintptr]func(*FunctionContext, []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error)),
+	}
+
+	xAggregateFactories = struct {
+		mu  sync.RWMutex
+		m   map[uintptr]func(FunctionContext) (AggregateFunction, error)
+		ids idGen
+	}{
+		m: make(map[uintptr]func(FunctionContext) (AggregateFunction, error)),
+	}
+
+	xAggregateContext = struct {
+		mu  sync.RWMutex
+		m   map[uintptr]AggregateFunction
+		ids idGen
+	}{
+		m: make(map[uintptr]AggregateFunction),
+	}
+
+	xCollations = struct {
+		mu  sync.RWMutex
+		m   map[uintptr]func(string, string) int
+		ids idGen
+	}{
+		m: make(map[uintptr]func(string, string) int),
+	}
+)
+
+type idGen struct {
+	bitset []uint64
+}
+
+func (gen *idGen) next() uintptr {
+	base := uintptr(1)
+	for i := 0; i < len(gen.bitset); i, base = i+1, base+64 {
+		b := gen.bitset[i]
+		if b != 1<<64-1 {
+			n := uintptr(bits.TrailingZeros64(^b))
+			gen.bitset[i] |= 1 << n
+			return base + n
+		}
+	}
+	gen.bitset = append(gen.bitset, 1)
+	return base
+}
+
+func (gen *idGen) reclaim(id uintptr) {
+	bit := id - 1
+	gen.bitset[bit/64] &^= 1 << (bit % 64)
+}
+
+func makeAggregate(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr) (AggregateFunction, uintptr) {
+	goCtx := FunctionContext{tls: tls, ctx: ctx}
+	aggCtx := (*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(sqlite3.Xsqlite3_aggregate_context(tls, ctx, int32(ptrSize))))
+	setErrorResult := errorResultFunction(tls, ctx)
+	if aggCtx == nil {
+		setErrorResult(errors.New("insufficient memory for aggregate"))
+		return nil, 0
+	}
+	if *aggCtx != 0 {
+		// Already created.
+		xAggregateContext.mu.RLock()
+		f := xAggregateContext.m[*aggCtx]
+		xAggregateContext.mu.RUnlock()
+		return f, *aggCtx
+	}
+
+	factoryID := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_user_data(tls, ctx)
+	xAggregateFactories.mu.RLock()
+	factory := xAggregateFactories.m[factoryID]
+	xAggregateFactories.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	f, err := factory(goCtx)
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+		return nil, 0
+	}
+	if f == nil {
+		setErrorResult(errors.New("MakeAggregate function returned nil"))
+		return nil, 0
+	}
+
+	xAggregateContext.mu.Lock()
+	*aggCtx = xAggregateContext.ids.next()
+	xAggregateContext.m[*aggCtx] = f
+	xAggregateContext.mu.Unlock()
+	return f, *aggCtx
+}
+
+// cFuncPointer converts a function defined by a function declaration to a C pointer.
+// The result of using cFuncPointer on closures is undefined.
+func cFuncPointer[T any](f T) uintptr {
+	// This assumes the memory representation described in https://golang.org/s/go11func.
+	//
+	// cFuncPointer does its conversion by doing the following in order:
+	// 1) Create a Go struct containing a pointer to a pointer to
+	//    the function. It is assumed that the pointer to the function will be
+	//    stored in the read-only data section and thus will not move.
+	// 2) Convert the pointer to the Go struct to a pointer to uintptr through
+	//    unsafe.Pointer. This is permitted via Rule #1 of unsafe.Pointer.
+	// 3) Dereference the pointer to uintptr to obtain the function value as a
+	//    uintptr. This is safe as long as function values are passed as pointers.
+	return *(*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(&struct{ f T }{f}))
+}
+
+func funcTrampoline(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr, argc int32, argv uintptr) {
+	id := sqlite3.Xsqlite3_user_data(tls, ctx)
+	xFuncs.mu.RLock()
+	xFunc := xFuncs.m[id]
+	xFuncs.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	setErrorResult := errorResultFunction(tls, ctx)
+	res, err := xFunc(&FunctionContext{}, functionArgs(tls, argc, argv))
+
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	err = functionReturnValue(tls, ctx, res)
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func stepTrampoline(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr, argc int32, argv uintptr) {
+	impl, _ := makeAggregate(tls, ctx)
+	if impl == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	setErrorResult := errorResultFunction(tls, ctx)
+	err := impl.Step(&FunctionContext{}, functionArgs(tls, argc, argv))
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func inverseTrampoline(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr, argc int32, argv uintptr) {
+	impl, _ := makeAggregate(tls, ctx)
+	if impl == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	setErrorResult := errorResultFunction(tls, ctx)
+	err := impl.WindowInverse(&FunctionContext{}, functionArgs(tls, argc, argv))
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func valueTrampoline(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr) {
+	impl, _ := makeAggregate(tls, ctx)
+	if impl == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	setErrorResult := errorResultFunction(tls, ctx)
+	res, err := impl.WindowValue(&FunctionContext{})
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+	} else {
+		err = functionReturnValue(tls, ctx, res)
+		if err != nil {
+			setErrorResult(err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func finalTrampoline(tls *libc.TLS, ctx uintptr) {
+	impl, id := makeAggregate(tls, ctx)
+	if impl == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	setErrorResult := errorResultFunction(tls, ctx)
+	res, err := impl.WindowValue(&FunctionContext{})
+	if err != nil {
+		setErrorResult(err)
+	} else {
+		err = functionReturnValue(tls, ctx, res)
+		if err != nil {
+			setErrorResult(err)
+		}
+	}
+	impl.Final(&FunctionContext{})
+
+	xAggregateContext.mu.Lock()
+	defer xAggregateContext.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(xAggregateContext.m, id)
+	xAggregateContext.ids.reclaim(id)
+}
+
+func collationTrampoline(tls *libc.TLS, pApp uintptr, nLeft int32, zLeft uintptr, nRight int32, zRight uintptr) int32 {
+	xCollations.mu.RLock()
+	xCollation := xCollations.m[pApp]
+	xCollations.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	left := string(libc.GoBytes(zLeft, int(nLeft)))
+	right := string(libc.GoBytes(zRight, int(nRight)))
+
+	// res is of type int, which can be 64-bit wide
+	// Since we just need to know if the value is positive, negative, or zero, we can ensure it's -1, 0, +1
+	res := xCollation(left, right)
+	switch {
+	case res < 0:
+		return -1
+	case res == 0:
+		return 0
+	case res > 0:
+		return 1
+	default:
+		// Should never hit here, make the compiler happy
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+// C documentation
+//
+//	int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
+func (c *conn) limit(id int, newVal int) int {
+	return int(sqlite3.Xsqlite3_limit(c.tls, c.db, int32(id), int32(newVal)))
+}
+
+// Limit calls sqlite3_limit, see the docs at
+// https://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/limit.html for details.
+//
+// To get a sql.Conn from a *sql.DB, use (*sql.DB).Conn().  Limits are bound to
+// the particular instance of 'c', so getting a new connection only to pass it
+// to Limit is possibly not useful above querying what are the various
+// configured default values.
+func Limit(c *sql.Conn, id int, newVal int) (r int, err error) {
+	err = c.Raw(func(driverConn any) error {
+		switch dc := driverConn.(type) {
+		case *conn:
+			r = dc.limit(id, newVal)
+			return nil
+		default:
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected driverConn type: %T", driverConn)
+		}
+	})
+	return r, err
+
+}